• Preclinical models indicate roles for adiponectin

  2024-01-12

  

  Preclinical models indicate roles for adiponectin in the maintenance of hepatic lipid metabolism. Adiponectin overexpression prevents accumulation of triglycerides or the deleterious lipid metabolites diacylglycerols or ceramides [5,8]. Direct manipulation of adiponectin expression demonstrates a po

• GMF was later localized to the cytosol of

  2024-01-12

  

  GMFβ was later localized to the cytosol of primary astrocytes and glioma cell lines [67], prompting investigations into its involvement in intracellular signaling. It was found that PKA phosphorylation of GMFβ inhibits the ERK1/2 branch of the MAP kinase pathway [73], yet activates the stress-respon

• br Conclusion There have been

  2024-01-12

  

  Conclusion There have been multiple clinical trials and pre-clinical studies that have tested the utility of 5ARIs in treating prostate disease, as summarized in Fig. 1. Inhibiting androgen action through the use of finasteride and dutasteride has been established as a valuable resource for physi

• Renal Cell Carcinoma RCC is a

  2024-01-12

  

  Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC) is a lethal cancer with bad prognosis due to development of chemoresistance and recurrence of an aggressive tumor with increased tumor-angiogenesis and metastasis [7]. We have found Axl and Gas6 to be differentially presented in RCC subtypes, and Axl to correlate to tumor

• After infection with Salmonella those bacteria that are not

  2024-01-11

  

  After infection with Salmonella those bacteria that are not targeted by autophagy of the complete Salmonella-containing phagosome (see above) but are living freely in the cytosol can be eliminated by xenophagy, that is direct targeting of the ‘naked’ bacteria to the autophagic pathway. The type III

• Telomerase action at the telomere is

  2024-01-11

  

  Telomerase action at the telomere is highly regulated; it preferentially elongates the shortest telomeres, and recruitment of the enzyme complex to the telomere occurs in mid-S phase of the cell cycle (Bianchi and Shore, 2007, Britt-Compton et al., 2009, Teixeira et al., 2004, Hemann et al., 2001, T

• br Conclusions In summary the present results showed

  2024-01-11

  

  Conclusions In summary, the present results showed that ageing diminished arginase activity only in clearance tissues and that l-arginine supplementation did not induce major changes in arginase activity thus refuting a role of arginase in the potential deleterious effects of l-arginine supplemen

• In addition to calpain I activity cathepsin

  2024-01-11

  

  In addition to calpain I activity, cathepsin activities have been proven to be linked to apoptotic signaling. Cathepsin B and cathepsin D are two of the most abundant and well-investigated lysosome acid-dependent proteases that are involved in the apoptotic regulation (Ferri & Kroemer, 2001). Cathep

• Unfortunately results of serum plasma AC assessment after fo

  2024-01-11

  

  Unfortunately, results of serum/plasma AC assessment after food antioxidant intake are rather controversial: although some papers reported an increase of AC after food antioxidant intake (Khan et al., 2015, Torabian et al., 2009), unexpectedly, in a lot of long-term intervention studies (days, weeks

• br Conflict of interest br Acknowledgments This work

  2024-01-11

  

  Conflict of interest Acknowledgments This work was financially supported by the Fund Project of Sichuan Provincial Department of Education (16ZB0053), the Scientific Research Foundation of Sichuan Agricultural University (No. 06021400) and the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2015M58

• br Experimental section br Acknowledgements

  2024-01-11

  

  Experimental section Acknowledgements This work was funded by the Italian Association for Cancer Research (AIRC IG18590 to A.A.), by “Fondi di Ateneo-University of Pisa” years 2009 and 2010 (E. N., S. N., E. O., and A. R.) and partially by the Unipi project P.R.A.2016_27 (E. N., E.O. and A. R.

• The role of the adaptive immune response in

  2024-01-11

  

  The role of the adaptive immune response in AD is not fully understood and previous studies are controversial. In this context, serum levels of T and B lymphocytes were found to be reduced in AD patients, suggesting a decline of the immune response during the course of the disease (Richartz-Salzburg

• Recent studies demonstrated that AHR has an

  2024-01-11

  

  Recent studies demonstrated that AHR has an important role in the interplay between cancer metabolism and tumor-specific immunity. Tryptophan catabolism is increasingly recognized as a metabolic pathway that promotes tumorigenesis through its role in immune suppression [75]. The rate-limiting enzyme

• br Rapid nongenomic effects of corticosterone in an

  2024-01-11

  

  Rapid nongenomic effects of corticosterone in an amphibian model Studies in the model organism, the roughskin newt, Taricha granulosa, over 30 years ago led to the discovery that stress can rapidly (within minutes) suppress sexual behavior (amplectic clasping) of male T. granulosa, an effect that

• Interestingly our transgenic mouse model

  2024-01-11

  

  Interestingly, our transgenic mouse model with macrophages expressing AdipoR1 showed not only improved insulin sensitivity and inflammation in skeletal muscle and adipose tissues, but fat mass, macrophage and plasma lipid accumulation and foam cell formation was also favorably reduced resulting from

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