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IL had marked effects on the inflammatory response in human
2022-02-09

IL-33 had marked effects on the inflammatory response in human adipocytes beyond GPR84, with a substantial stimulation of the expression of a selected group of cytokine and chemokine genes. Expression of IL1B, a co-member of the IL-1 superfamily, was strongly up-regulated by IL-33, as was IL6 and CX
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The first described synthetic FFA active agonist GW
2022-02-09

The first described synthetic FFA1 active agonist, GW9508 (4- [(3-phenoxyphenyl)methyl]amino benzenepropanoic acid), was immediately shown to also activate FFA4, although with some 100-fold lower potency [38]. Therefore, in the initial absence of FFA4-selective synthetic agonist ligands, GW9508 was
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In addition researchers studying GPR agonists favor
2022-02-09

In addition, researchers studying GPR119 agonists favor the developing of candidate drugs that are more potent than DPP-4 inhibitors given that the latter are moderate agents in the treatment of DM. Although it Protease Inhibitor Cocktail (100X in DMSO, EDTA plus) is unclear why Sanofi-Aventis chos
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Fig summarizes the underlying mechanism of SB on inhibiting
2022-02-09

Fig. 7 summarizes the underlying mechanism of SB on inhibiting inflammation and maintaining epithelium barrier integrity in the TNBS-induced colitis model. Our findings not only explained the protective effect of SB on colon health, but also provided evidence that GPR109A likely constitutes a valid
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br Materials and methods br Results br
2022-02-09

Materials and methods Results Discussion ENU mutagenesis is a powerful approach to identify novel genes or Mitochondrial DNA Isolation Kit to dissect the molecular basis of mammalian immune system (Siggs, 2014). T cells are critical components in the host defense against pathogens, and the
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The classical genomic effects of GR come
2022-02-08

The classical genomic effects of GR come about through ligand-bound GR homodimerizing in the nucleus and via direct binding to GREs on the target genes, bringing about transcriptional activation or repression. Examples of target genes up-regulated by activated GR include genes encoding β2-adrenergic
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br General features of FGFRs and inhibitors br Conclusion
2022-02-08

General features of FGFRs and inhibitors Conclusion Given the critical role of FGFRs in the progression of tumors, the co-crystal structures of these kinases in complex with inhibitors are determined in order to clarify the mechanism of actions and explore new efficient inhibitors. This manusc
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br Characterization of quantal exocytosis by amperometry A s
2022-02-08

Characterization of quantal exocytosis by amperometry A secretory vesicle experiences four phases during exocytosis: (i) cargo packaging & translocation, (ii) vesicle docking & priming; (iii) fusion pore formation; (iv) fusion pore expansion and cargo secretion (Fig. 1a). The release of monoamine
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Upon LPS stimulation ERK and STAT
2022-02-08

Upon LPS stimulation, ERK and STAT3 signaling pathways were activated in a time-dependent manner, and the phosphorylation of Y705 occurred later than that of S727 (Supplementary Fig. S5B). STAT3 is known to be phosphorylated on serine 727 (S727) by the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway
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Expression of p NTR has been linked to
2022-02-08

Expression of p75NTR has been linked to several aspects of aggressive glioma growth, including migration and invasion, by various mechanisms in a large number of elegant studies [6], [7], [26], [27]. Our study adds to this literature by demonstrating specific roles in hypoxic tumor cells and regulat
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In this study there is
2022-02-08

In this study, there is a limitation in the study of sex differences. Only female rats were used in our study. This is because the rats cannot urinate autonomously after SCI. Manual nk1 receptor antagonist emptying was needed until reflex bladder emptying was established (Lu et al., 2008, Ma et al.
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egfr inhibitors br Methods br Results and discussion br Conc
2022-02-08

Methods Results and discussion Conclusions In this work, 100-ns MDSs were applied on the WT and on the R155K and D168A single point mutations of the NS3/4A protease in the apo form and in complex with ASV, a current drug in phase III clinical trials. According to the PCA, these two mutation
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Protein structures determined in high resolution by
2022-02-08

Protein structures determined in high resolution by X-ray crystallography and NMR techniques provide wealth of structural information on intra-domain and inter-domain protein interactions of small sized proteins. In addition, cryo-EM often provides low resolution structures of multi-component protei
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Interestingly systemic circulating levels of NOx were
2022-02-08

Interestingly, systemic circulating levels of NOx were not dramatically increased by treatment with isosorbide mononitrate or sodium nitrite at a dose which exerted beneficial effects on the progression of PH. In line with our results, Mathew et al. [13] demonstrated that the long-acting NO donor mo
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br Materials and methods br Results br Discussion Directly m
2022-02-08

Materials and methods Results Discussion Directly modulating specific target proteins and signaling pathways with small-molecule drugs or agonistic Lithium Citrate receptor is widely used for cancer metastasis therapies [[39], [40], [41]]. ANXA7 acts as a metastasis suppressor in prostate
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